Cerium oxide, also known as ceria, is a versatile metal oxide material that has garnered significant attention in various research fields due to its unique properties. Some of the key characteristics of cerium oxide include its high oxygen storage capacity, excellent catalytic activity, and ability to switch between different oxidation states. Research on cerium oxide encompasses a wide range of applications, including catalysis, energy storage, environmental remediation, and biomedical technologies. In catalysis, cerium oxide is commonly used as a catalyst support material or as a catalyst itself for various chemical reactions. In energy storage, cerium oxide has been explored as a potential electrode material for batteries and supercapacitors due to its high capacity and stability. Furthermore, cerium oxide nanoparticles have shown promising results in environmental applications, such as removing pollutants from water and air. In the biomedical field, cerium oxide nanoparticles have demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making them potential candidates for drug delivery and therapeutic applications. Overall, research on cerium oxide continues to advance our understanding of this material and its potential applications in various scientific and technological domains.